RAMAYANA

Ramayana is actually taken from the story that really happened in mainland India. At that mainland India was defeated by India Ocean also called Ceylon or rare earth, which in the puppet called Alengka. Rama is the hero of the country figures mainland India, who then managed to force the people are portrayed as ape-led forces of King Sugriva. The reclaimed land was described as the ruler Alengka Dewi Sinta (in Sanskrit means the land). The occupation by another country, generally all the rules and culture of a nation state will be easy to change and change order, which is described in the form of doubtful purity Sinta doubt.

 So after Sinta release, he then Obong starch, which means that India's domestic situation began to be addressed by changing the rules and eliminate the culture of the former colonial power that had developed in India. actually taken from the story that really happened in mainland India. At that mainland India was defeated by India Ocean also called Ceylon or rare earth, which in the puppet called Alengka. Rama is the hero of the country figures mainland India, who then managed to force the people are portrayed as ape-led forces of King Sugriva. The reclaimed land was described as the ruler Alengka Dewi Sinta (in Sanskrit means the land). The occupation by another country, generally all the rules and culture of a nation state will be easy to change and change order, which is described in the form of doubtful purity Sinta doubt. So after Sinta release, he then Obong starch, which means that India's domestic situation began to be addressed by changing the rules and eliminate the culture of the former colonial power that had developed in India.
In the literary treasures of ancient Javanese Ramayana, in kakawin version (sourced from India centuries literature VI and VII, entitled Ravanavadha / death of Ravana prepared by Bhatti poet and literary works are often called Bhattikavya) and the prose version (probably sourced from the last book of the Epic of Valmiki namely Uttarakanda of India), with a brief story of Ramayana begins with a man named Rama, the crown prince Dasarata King Kosala with its capital in Ayodya. Three stepbrothers named Barata, Lakshman and Satrukna. Rama was born of first wife named Kausala Dasarata, Barata from his second wife named Kaikeyi and Lakshman and Satrukna of third wife named Sumitra. They live in harmony.
Since adolescence, Rama and Laksmana to Wismamitra studied to become a tough young man. Rama then join the competition in the state capital Wideha Matila. Thanks to its success attracted King Janaka's bow heritage, he was awarded his eldest daughter named Sita, while Lakshmana was married to Urmila, the sister of Sprott.
After Dasarata old, Rama planned to replace him as king, failed after Kaikeyi reminded Dasarata promise that the throne is Barata and Rama should be disposed of during the 15 (fifteen) years. On the basis of promises that Rama gracefully go wandering into the woods Dandaka, though hindered and Barata own mother. His departure was followed by Sprott and Laksmana.
But the sad departure of Rama makes Dasarata and eventually died. To fill the void throne, royal officials agreed to raise Barata as king. But he refused, believing that the throne belongs to Rama, his brother. For that accompanied parajurit Barata and the star, pick Rama in the forest. We met her brother, Barata said, crying about the death of his mother's will Dasarata and regret, for he was the star and asked that Rama returned to Ayodya and ascended the throne. But Rama refused and continue to carry out the command of his father and did not blame his stepmother, Kaikeyi, as well as persuade Barata to be willing to ascend to the throne. After receiving the shoes of Rama, Barata return to the kingdom and promised to run the government as a representative of his brother
Many trials faced by Rama and Lakshmana, the wanderings in the forest. They have to face the giants of the forest surrounding communities Kandaka disturbing it. An annoying enemy is Surpanaka, raksesi who wants to be her husband Rama and Laksmana. As a result, the nose and ears cleared up Surpanaka off by Lakshmana. With the pain and embarrassment, Surpanaka complained to his brother, the giant Ravana who reigned in Lanka, Ravana took her coax the hands of Rama Sinta.
With the help of Marica who transformed herself into a golden deer, Sinta Ravana had kidnapped and taken to Alengka.


Jatayu bird that tried to block, Ravana was killed by weapons. Before the last breath, Jatayu is still time to preach to the fate of Sinta Rama and Laksmana are mencarinya.Dalam looking for Sita, Rama and Admiral meet magnifying monkey named Hanuman and Sugriva. They tied in the ups and downs of friendship. With the help of Rama, Sugriva to the throne back in Subali Kiskenda after defeating the unjust. After that, Hanuman was ordered to seek help Rama Sinta. With the monkey army led Anggada, Subali child, they went in search of Sinta.


At the direction of Sempati, brother Jatayu, they headed to the south coast. To reach Lanka, Hanuman jumped from the top of the mountain Mahendra. Arriving in the capital of Lanka, Hanuman succeeded in meeting and reported that Rama Sinta will soon release him. Upon his return from Lanka, Hanuman reports to Rama. Invasion strategy was soon arranged. On the advice Wibisana, Ravana's brother who defected to the forces of Rama made a bridge to Alengka. After the bridge finished, evacuated troops stormed Alengka monkeys. Finally, Ravana and his army destroyed. Wibisana then crowned the king of Lanka, replacing his brother who died in battle. An interesting and until now very popular in Java, is a doctrine about how a person should be ruled a kingdom or country of Rama to Wibisana, known as ASTHABRATA.
After successfully freeing Sita, Rama and Sinta go and Laksmana and the entire army (including the army of monkeys) to Ayodya. Arriving in the capital of Kosala country, they were greeted with great fanfare by Barata, Satrukna, the Queen Mother, the courtier and the soldiers, and all the people of Kosala. Witnessed by them, then crowned as king Rama.
At the end of the story, there are striking differences between two versions of the Old Javanese Ramayana. For kakawin version narrated, that Sprott was suffering because it is not immediately accepted by Rama because it is considered tainted. Having successfully rid itself of the flames, Sprott received. Described by Rama, the cleansing must be done to eliminate prejudice upon his wife. They are happy.
While in the prose version, tells how Rama affected by people who doubted the purity Sinta. Here Sprott who was pregnant at the Rama expelled from the palace. Sprott later gave birth to 2 (two) kids twin Kusha and Lawa. Then this story to swallow diahiri Sinta by the Earth.
Ramayana story has many versions with different deviation plot, including in India alone. The distribution is almost a quarter of the world or at least in Southeast Asia. While in Indonesia, known around 7-8 centuries ago, though actually in Indonesia can be found much earlier that before the second century BC.
Ramayana of Rama which means the origin of the word fun; interesting; elegant beautiful; happy, and Yana means wandering. The core story of the Ramayana written by Valmiki is expected from India around 400 BC that the story begins between 500 BC to AD 200, and developed by various authors. The story of Ramayana is a scripture of the religion of Vishnu, which the characters become role models in life, truth, justice, heroism, friendship and romance, that is: Rama, Sita, Leksmana, Sugriva, Hanuman, Wibisana. But here, we inform you about the Java version of the Ramayana.
In an age when the Ancient Mataram King Dyah Balitung (Sanjaya Dynasty) reigns, there have been books of literature of Ancient Javanese Ramayana (Javanese Kawi), does not have its main office in Valmiki Ramayana, is shorter, contains many teachings and he spoke beautifully. At the beginning of the tenth century the king made to worship the god Shiva temple, the temple of Prambanan (unfinished temple to the king's death, then continued by the successor of King Daksha) which also became the place he was buried, with relief, but different from the Ramayana Ramayana is the story .
Old Javanese Ramayana has 2 (two) versions, the Kakawin and Prose, which is sourced from India a different script, the difference can be seen from the end of the story. In addition to the two versions of it, there are others that Hikayat Sri Rama, Rama Keling and the play-play.
Ramayana is increasingly accepted in Java, after a puppet show (wayang people, including the prototype puppet ballet). But he is less interesting to the puppet that takes the story Mahabharata, because look at all the story does not represent the feelings of the laity (only fit for the Brahmans and the Satria), even when examined more deeply, the story of Ramayana is actually a symbol of the struggle of the people seize the country's independence.
Ramayana story that could not win the hearts of the laity of Java such as Mahabharata, partly due to:

    The story is filled with symbols of life and the advice of the nobles and ruling the country, the behavior and actions do not mingle in the hearts of the laity;

    Ramayana is the monkey king and the people of the enemy nation and the people of the blind giant breduwak and stealth;

    The laity have the mindset of a relatively very simple, and look forward to every story ends in happiness.
What is interesting to date in Indonesia (Java) is the presence of a teaching philosophy contained in the Ramayana, Rama is the teaching of his enemy's sister named Gunawan Wibisana who replaced his brother, Ravana, after the war in Alengka. Teaching is known as Asthabrata, (Astha means eight and Brata which means teaching or behavior). which is a doctrine about how a person ought to rule a country or kingdom. Referred to the teachings can also be seen in images of puppets at the Museum Diaroma Purnabakti TMII (1994 M), namely:

    Earth: means the attitude of the nation's leaders should emulate the character of the earth or momot-mengku for Java, where the earth is a place for everything, good or bad, that diolahnya so useful to human life;

    Water: that is honest, clean and respectable, medicine and water thirsty thirst thirst for knowledge and welfare;

    Fire: it means a leader must be of encouragement to the people, the giver of strength and the Punisher is fair and firm;

    Wind: means to feed and creates a sense of cool for his people, always pay attention to the cracks in the complex as anything, can be very gentle and humble and flexible, but also hard limit, always wait on nature;

    Surya: means the giver of heat, lighting and Energie, so that there can be no life without solar / sun, set the time in the discipline;

    The moon: it means the moon is the giver of peace and happiness, compassion and dignity, but also gripping and scary, not threatening but respected.

    Latitude: means giving good wishes to the people as high as the stars, but humble and do not like to stand out, besides should recognize the advantages of others;

    Partly: it means giving protection and an umbrella, not a narrow view, much knowledge about life and living, not absolute received a report from making love, love to reward the achievers and unfair to punish the offenders.
Prof. Dr. Porbatjaraka, an expert on the history and culture of Java, after reading the Old Javanese Ramayana Kakawin, commented: "This is the ancestral heritage of Java, which was valuable enough to lunch mystical life". In broad scope, the influence of the philosophy of living Javanese Ramayana can be seen from Jendra Literature, Literature and Asthabrata Cetha.
Literature is the essence of science Jendra / supreme doctrine of salvation, and contains the contents of the Belief in God Almighty. But because this science is strictly confidential (not disseminated publicly because a full appreciation of heart that is sometimes difficult to accept the general rational), then it may not be widely disseminated publicly. Before a person to absorb this knowledge he must first understand the micro and macro cosmos, so that has been presented, including through a puppet, just skin deep. Literature Cetha (light) is contains teachings on the role, nature and behavior of the king. While Asthabrata described above.
Ramayana story appears in many versions, which include Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Thailand, China, Indonesia and India (where the origin story) itself. According Dr.Soewito S. Wiryonagoro, in Indonesia there are at least 3 (three) versions, the Ramayana Kakawin, depicted in the reliefs on the walls of temples such as Prambanan temples and temple Lorojonggrang upgrading, and expanding in the community in the form of a drama. (Shadow puppets, theater and film).
Ramayana of origin of the word Rama = fun / interesting / elegant / beautiful / happy and Yana means wandering., The story is written Valmiki from India around the year 400 BC, the Sanskrit language, which further developed by other writers, so that there is also minimal 3 (three) versions of the Ramayana India.
In the time of the ancient Mataram, when King Balitung (Sanjaya dynasty) rule, has no book of the Ramayana literature in Old Javanese (Kawi), which does not have its main office in Valmiki Ramayana.

sumber : http://www.karatonsurakarta.com/ramayana.html